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1a. Water disinfection for international and 
wilderness travelers. 
Backer H 
Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Feb 1;34(3):355-64 

1b. A Possible Solution to the Malaria Problem?
Humble J 
Libertarian Times, May 9, 2005 

1c. The Miracle Mineral Supplement of the 21st Century. 
Humble JV 
www.miraclemineral.org, 2nd Edition (2007) 

2a. The Miracle Mineral Supplement of the 21st Century. 
Humble JV 
www.miraclemineral.org, 2nd Edition (2007) 

2b. personal communications from Mr. Jim Humble 2007 

3a. Current status of malaria control. 
Tripathi RP, Mishra RC, Dwivedi N, Tewari N, Verma SS 
Curr Med Chem. 2005;12(22):2643-59 

3b. Current status and progresses made in malaria chemotherapy.
Linares GE, Rodriguez JB 
Curr Med Chem. 2007;14(3):289-314 

3c. [various articles] 
JAMA May23/30,2007 297(20) 

3d. Malaria - Stopping a Global Killer. 
Bedlam in the Blood - Malaria. 
Finkel M, Stanmeyer J 
National Geographic, Jul 2007, pp32-67 

3e. An overview of chemotherapeutic targets 
for antimalarial drug discovery. 
Olliaro PL, Yuthavong Y 
Pharmacol Ther. 1999 Feb;81(2):91-110 
Abstract

4a. Chlorine Oxygen Acids and Salts: Chlorine Dioxide. 
Robson HL 
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Vol 5, 
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2nd Ed. 1964 pp35-50 

4b. The Chemistry of Chlorine Dioxide. 
Gordon G, Kieffer RG, Rosenblatt DH 
Progress in Inorganic Chemistry, Vol 15, 
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1972 pp 201-286 

4c. From Laboratory Curiosity to Heavy Chemical. 
Rapson WH 
Chemistry in Canada, 18:25-31, 1966 

4d. Chlorine Dioxide: Chemical and Physical Properties. 
Rosenblatt DH pp 332-343 in: 
Ozone/Chlorine Dioxide Oxidation Products of Organic Materials. 
Rice RG, Cotruvo JA editors, 
International Ozone Institute & USEPA, 
Ozone Press International, 1978 

4e. Chlorine Dioxide: An Overview of its Preparation, 
Properties and Uses 
Gall RJ pp 356-382 in: 
Ozone/Chlorine Dioxide Oxidation Products of Organic Materials. 
Rice RG, Cotruvo JA editors, 
International Ozone Institute & USEPA, 
Ozone Press International, 1978 

4f. Inorganic Chemistry. 
Thorne PCL, Roberts ER 
pp 368-371, 386-388 
Interscience Publishers, Inc. 1949 

4g. Introduction To Advanced Inorganic Chemistry. 
Durrant PJ, Durrant B 
pp 937-942 
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 

4h. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry - A Comprehensive Text. 
Cotton FA, Wilkinson G 
pp 473-478 
Interscience Publishers, 

4i. Introduction to Inorganic Chemistry. 
Brown GI 
pp 292-295 
Longman 

4j. Inorganic Chemistry An Advanced Textbook. 
Moeller T 
pp 432-433,438-443 
John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 

4k. Inorganic Chemistry A Guide To Advanced Study. 3rd Ed. 
Heslop RB, Robinson PL 
pp 528-533 
Elsevier Publishing Company, 1967, 

4L. Concepts and Models of Inorganic Chemistry. 
Douglas BE, McDaniel DH 
pp 191-192 
Blaisdell Publishing Company 

4m. Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. 
article regarding "chlorine" 
p 99 
McGraw-Hill 

4n. The Chemical Elements And Their Compounds. Volume II. 
Sidgwick NV 
pp 1202-1207, 1224-1225
Oxford At The Clarendon Press 

4o. Van Nostrand's Encyclopedia of Chemistry. 5th Edition. 
Considine GD 
article regarding "chlorine" 
pp 371-372 
Wiley-Interscience 

4p. Inorganic Chemistry 
Sharpe AG 
pp 419-423 
Longman Scientific & Technical 

4q. Concise Inorganic Chemistry. 4th Edition. 
Lee JD 
pp 609-620 
Chapman & Hall 

4r. Comparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd Edition. 
Moody B 
pp 409-411,416,433-439 
Edward Arnold 

4s. The Chemistry of the Non-Metals 
Jolly WL 
pp 38-40 
Prentice-Hall, Inc. 

4t. Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants 
EPA Guidance Manual, April 1999, 
4.1 Chlorine Dioxide Chemistry, pp 4-1 to 4-13 

4u. Oxidation of Formaldehyde by Chlorite 
in Basic and Slightly Acidic Media. 
Chinake C, Olojo O, Simoyi RH 
J Phys Chem A, 102 (3), 606-611, 1998 

4v. General-Acid-Catalyzed Reactions of Hypochlorous Acid 
and Acetyl Hypochlorite with Chlorite Ion. 
Zhongjiang Jia, Dale W. Margerum,* and Joseph S. Francisco 
Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, 
Indiana 47907 Received December 28, 1999 

4w. Disproportionation of Chlorous Acid at a Strong Acidity. 
Ni Y, Yin G 
Ind Eng Chem Res, 1998, 37(6):2367-2372 

4x. Kinetics and mechanism of chloride based chlorine 
dioxide generation process from acidic sodium chlorate. 
Deshwal BR, Lee HK 
J Hazard Mater. 2004 May 20;108(3):173-82 

4y. New pathways for chlorine dioxide decomposition 
in basic solution. 
Odeh IN, Francisco JS, Margerum DW 
Inorg Chem. 2002 Dec 2;41(24):6500-6 

4z. Kinetics and mechanisms of aqueous chlorine reactions 
with chlorite ion in the presence of chloride ion and 
acetic acid/acetate buffer. 
Nicoson JS, Margerum DW 
Inorg Chem. 2002 Jan 28;41(2):342-7 

4aa. Kinetics and mechanism of catalytic decomposition and 
oxidation of chlorine dioxide by the hypochlorite ion.
Csordy V, Bubnis B, FyyI, Gordon G 
Inorg Chem. 2001 Apr 9;40(8):1833-6 

4bb. General-acid-catalyzed reactions of hypochlorous acid 
and acetyl hypochlorite with chlorite ion. 
Jia Z, Margerum DW, Francisco JS 
Inorg Chem. 2000 Jun 12;39(12):2614-20 

4cc. Mechanism of Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorate Ion Formation 
from the Reaction of Hypobromous Acid and Chlorite Ion.
Furman CS, Margerum DW 
Inorg Chem. 1998 Aug 24;37(17):4321-4327 

4dd. The Three-Electron Bond in Chlorine Dioxide. 
Brockway LO 
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1933 Mar;19(3):303-7 

4ee. Toxicological Review of Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite. 
Integrated Risk Information System, 
EPA/635/R-00/007, September 2000 

4ff. Toxicological Profile for Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite. 
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 
US Dept. Health and Human Services, September 2004 

4gg. Technical note the pattern of ClO2 stabilized 
by Na2CO3/H2O2. 
Junli H, Lihua C, Zhenye Z 
Water Res. 2001 Jul;35(10):2570-3 

4hh. Control effects of p(epsilon) and pH on the 
generation and stability of chlorine dioxide. 
Pei YS, Wu XQ, Luan ZK, Wang T 
J Environ Sci (China). 2003 Sep;15(5):680-4  

5a. O2xygen Therapies - A New Way Of Approching Disease. 
McCabe E, 1988, 
Energy Publication 

5b. Oxygen Healing Therapies - For Optimum Health And Vitality, 
Altman N, 1995, 
Healing Arts Press 

5c. The Use Of Ozone In Medicine, 
Rilling S, Viebahn R, (1985/1987/1994) 
Haug Publishers 

5d. Biologically Closed Electric Circuits, 
Nordenstrom BEW, 1983, 
Nordic Medical Publications 

5e. Regional Intra-Arterial Hydrogen Peroxide Infusion And 
Irradiation In The Treatment Of Head And Neck Malignancies: 
A Progress Report. 
Mallams JT, Balla GA, Finney JW 
Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol, 1963, Jul-Aug, 67:546-53 

5f. War Against Microbes. 
Bradford Research Institute 
The Choice 28(2), 2001 

5g. Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. 
Rodriguez R 
Consumer Health Organization of Canada. 1994 Apr;17(4) 

5h. O2O2O2 - Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen - 
Hydrogen Peroxide Magnesium Peroxide Chlorine Peroxide. 
Donsbach KW, 1991, 
Wholistic Publications 

6a. Decreased level of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and 
alteration of structural integrity in erythrocytes 
infected with Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. 
Dubey ML, Hegde R, Ganguly NK, Mahajan RC 
Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Apr;246(1-2):137-41 

6b. Changes in haemoglobin binding curve and oxygen 
transport in chronic hypoxic lung disease. 
Flenley DC, Fairweather LJ, Cooke NJ, Kirby BJ 
Br Med J. 1975 Mar 15;1(5958):602-4 

6c. Glycolysis in human erythrocytes containing elevated 
concentrations of 2, 3-P2-glycerate. 
Duhm J 
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Mar 14;385(1):68-80 

6d. Oxygen-hemoglobulin dissociation curves: 
effect of inherited enzyme defects of the red cell. 
Delivoria-Papadopoulos M, Oski FA, Gottlieb AJ 
Science. 1969 Aug 8;165(893):601-2 

7a. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy: 
using HBO therapy to increase circulation, 
repair damaged tissue, fight infection, save limbs, 
relieve pain, and more. 
Neubauer RA, Walker M 
Avery Publishing Group, Garden City Park, NY (1998) 

7b. Textbook of Hyperbaric Medicine. 
Jain KK, Neubauer RA, et al 
Hogrefe & Huber Publishing, (October 2004) 

7c. The Oxygen Revolution - Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: 
the Groundbreaking New Treatment for: ... 
Harch P, McCullough V, Duncan WA 
Hatherleigh Press, (April 24, 2007) 

7d. Hyperbaric Medicine Practice. 
Kindwall EP, Whelan HT 
Best Publishing Company, Flagstaff, AZ (1999) 

8a. Survival Factor in Neoplastic and Viral Diseases. 
Koch WF, 1961, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil, 
Vanderkloot Press, Detroit, Michigan 

8b. Hydrogen Peroxide Medical Miracle. 
Douglass WC, 1996, 
Second Opinion Publ Inc, Atlanta, GA 

8c. Influenzal Pneumonia: 
The Intravenous Injection Of Hydrogen Peroxide. 
Oliver TH, Cantar BC, Murphy DV 
The Lancet, 02-21-1920, pp 432-433 

8d. Chlorite-hemoprotein interaction as key role for the 
pharmacological activity of the chlorite-based drug WF10. 
Schempp H, Reim M, Dornisch K, Elstner EF 
Arzneimittelforschung. 2001;51(7):554-62 

8e. Differential effects on innate versus 
adaptive immune responses by WF10. 
Giese T, McGrath MS, Stumm S, Schempp H, Elstner E, 
Meuer SC 
Cell Immunol. 2004 Jun;229(2):149-58 

8f. Development of WF10, a novel macrophage-regulating agent. 
McGrath MS, Kahn JO, Herndier BG 
Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2002 Mar;3(3):365-73 

8g. Balanced macrophage activation hypothesis: 
a biological model for development of drugs targeted 
at macrophage functional states. 
McGrath MS, Kodelja V 
Pathobiology. 1999;67(5-6):277-81 

8h. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial 
of the immune modulator WF10 in patients with advanced AIDS. 
Raffanti SP, Schaffner W, Federspiel CF, Blackwell RB, 
Ching OA, Kuhne FW 
Infection. 1998 Jul-Aug;26(4):202-7 

8i. Into the Light. 
Douglass WC, 1997, 
Second Opinion Publishing Inc, Atlanta, GA 

8j. Redox regulation of NF-kappa B activation. 
Flohe L, Brigelius-Flohe R, Saliou C, Traber MG, Packer L 
Free Radic Biol Med 1997;22(6):1115-26 

8k. The role of nuclear factor-kappa B in cytokine gene 
regulation. 
Blackwell TS, Christman JW 
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1997 Jul;17(1):3-9 

8L. Transcription factors as activators of gene transcription: 
AP-1 and NF-kappa B. 
Adcock IM 
Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 1997 Apr;52(2):178-86 

8m. Regulation of the transcription factors NF-kappa B and 
AP-1 by redox changes. 
Meyer M, Pahl HL, Baeuerle PA 
Chem Biol Interact 1994 Jun;91(2-3):91-100 

8n. Modulation of transcription factor NF-kappa B binding 
activity by oxidation-reduction in vitro. 
Toledano MB, Leonard WJ 
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991 May 15;88(10):4328-32 

8o. Distinct effects of glutathione disulphide on the nuclear 
transcription factor kappa B and the activator protein-1. 
Galter D, Mihm S, Droge W 
Eur J Biochem 1994 Apr 15;221(2):639-48 

8p. Nuclear factor kappa B: an oxidative stress-responsive 
transcription factor of eukaryotic cells (a review). 
Schreck R, Albermann K, Baeuerle PA 
Free Radic Res Commun 1992;17(4):221-37 

8q. Functions of glutathione and glutathione disulfide 
in immunology and immunopathology. 
Droge W, Schulze-Osthoff K, Mihm S, Galter D, et al 
FASEB J 1994 Nov;8(14):1131-8 

8r. Modulation of monocyte chemokine production 
and nuclear factor kappa B activity by oxidants. 
Lee JS, Kahlon SS, Culbreth R, Cooper AD 
J Interferon Cytokine Res 1999 Jul;19(7):761-7B 

8s. Intracellular glutathione redox status modulates MCP-1 
expression in pulmonary granulomatous vasculitis. 
Desai A, Huang X, Warren JS 
Lab Invest 1999 Jul;79(7):837-47 

8t. Nuclear factor kappa B: a pivotal role in the systemic 
inflammatory response syndrome and new target for therapy. 
Christman JW, Lancaster LH, Blackwell TS 
Intensive Care Med 1998 Nov;24(11):1131-8 
Comment in: Intensive Care Med 1998 Nov;24(11):1129-30 

8u. Differential regulation of extracellular signal-regulated 
kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction pathways 
by hydrogen peroxide and tumor necrosis factor. 
Milligan SA, Owens MW, Grisham MB 
Arch Biochem Biophys 1998 Apr 15;352(2):255-62 

8v. Hydrogen peroxide as a potent activator 
of T lymphocyte functions. 
Los M, Dröge W, Stricker K, Baeuerle PA, Schulze-Osthoff K 
Eur J Immunol 1995 Jan; 25(1):159-65 

9a. Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Blood. 
Varma SD, Devamanoharan PS 
Free Radic Res Commun. 1991;14(2):125-31 

9b. Histochemical demonstration of hydrogen peroxide 
production by leukocytes in fixed-frozen tissue sections 
of inflammatory lesions. 
Dannenberg AM Jr, Schofield BH, Rao JB, Dinh TT, Lee K, 
Boulay M, Abe Y, Tsuruta J, Steinbeck MJ 
J Leukoc Biol. 1994 Oct;56(4):436-43 

9c. Interferon-gamma activates the oxidative killing 
of Candida albicans by human granulocytes. 
Stevenhagen A, van Furth R 
Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Jan;91(1):170-5 

9d. Hydrogen peroxide production by alveolar type II cells, 
alveolar macrophages, and endothelial cells. 
Kinnula VL, Everitt JI, Whorton AR, Crapo JD 
Am J Physiol. 1991 Aug;261(2 Pt 1):L84-91 

9e. Stimulation of the respiratory burst and promotion 
of bacterial killing in human granulocytes 
by intravenous immunoglobulin preparations. 
Marodi L, Kalmar A, Karmazsin L 
Clin Exp Immunol. 1990 Feb;79(2):164-9 

9f. Neutrophils may directly synthesize both H2O2 and O2- since 
surface stimuli induce their release in stimulus-specific ratios. 
Hoffstein ST, Gennaro DE, Manzi RM 
Inflammation. 1985 Dec;9(4):425-37 

9g. Quantitative and temporal characterization of the 
extracellular H2O2 pool generated by human neutrophils. 
Test ST, Weiss SJ 
J Biol Chem. 1984 Jan 10;259(1):399-405 
 
9h. Hydrogen peroxide release from eosinophils: quantitative, 
comparative studies of human and guinea pig eosinophils. 
Pincus SH 
J Invest Dermatol. 1983 Apr;80(4):278-81 

9i. Pyridine nucleotide-dependent generation of hydrogen peroxide 
by a particulate fraction from human neutrophils. 
DeChatelet LR, Shirley PS 
J Immunol. 1981 Mar;126(3):1165-9 

9j. Comparative studies on alveolar macrophages 
and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. I. H2O2 and O2- 
generation by rabbit alveolar macrophages. 
Yamaguchi T, Kakinuma K, Kaneda M, Shimada K 
J Biochem (Tokyo). 1980 May;87(5):1449-55 

9k. Interrelationship between oxygen consumption, 
superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide formation 
in phagocytosing guinea pig polymorphonuclear leucocytes. 
Dri P, Bellavite P, Berton G, Rossi F 
Mol Cell Biochem. 1979 Jan 26;23(2):109-22 

9L. Hydrogen peroxide production and killing of Staphylococcus 
aureus by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
Tsan MF, Douglass KH, McIntyre PA 
Blood. 1977 Mar;49(3):437-44 

9m. The role of superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide 
in phagocytosis-associated oxidative metabolic reactions. 
Baehner RL, Murrmann SK, Davis J, Johnston RB Jr 
J Clin Invest. 1975 Sep;56(3):571-6 

9n. H2O2 release from human granulocytes during phagocytosis. 
I. Documentation, quantitation, and some regulating factors. 
Root RK, Metcalf J, Oshino N, Chance B 
J Clin Invest. 1975 May;55(5):945-55 

9o. Production of hydrogen peroxide 
by phagocytizing human granulocytes. 
Homan-Muller JW, Weening RS, Roos D 
J Lab Clin Med. 1975 Feb;85(2):198-207 

9p. Singlet excited oxygen as a mediator 
of the antibacterial action of leukocytes. 
Krinsky NI 
Science. 1974 Oct 25;186(4161):363-5 

9q. Biological defense mechanisms. The production 
by leukocytes of superoxide, a potential bactericidal agent. 
Babior BM, Kipnes RS, Curnutte JT 
J Clin Invest. 1973 Mar;52(3):741-4 

9r. The H2O2-production by polymorphonuclear 
leukocytes during phagocytosis. 
Zatti M, Rossi F, Patriarca P 
Experientia. 1968 Jul 15;24(7):669-70 

9s. A new method for the detection of hydroxyl radical 
production by phagocytic cells. 
Sagone AL Jr, Decker MA, Wells RM, Democko C 
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Feb 21;628(1):90-7 

9t. Human granulocyte generation of hydroxyl radical. 
Weiss SJ, Rustagi PK, LoBuglio AF 
J Exp Med. 1978 Feb 1;147(2):316-23 

9u. Production of singlet oxygen by eosinophils activated 
in vitro by C5a and leukotriene B4. 
Teixeira MM, Cunha FQ, Noronha-Dutra A, Hothersall J 
FEBS Lett. 1999 Jun 25;453(3):265-8 

9v. Investigating antibody-catalyzed ozone generation 
by human neutrophils. 
Babior BM, Takeuchi C, Ruedi J, Gutierrez A, Wentworth P 
PNAS, Mar 18, 2003, 100(6):3031-3034 

10a. Free radicals generation by granulocytes 
from men during bed rest. 
Pawlak W, Kedziora J, Zolynski K, Kedziora-Kornatowska 
K, Blaszczyk J, Witkowski P 
J Gravit Physiol. 1998 Jul;5(1):P131-2 

10b. Eosinophils are a major source of nitric oxide-derived 
oxidants in severe asthma: characterization of pathways 
available to eosinophils for generating reactive 
nitrogen species. 
MacPherson JC, Comhair SA, Erzurum SC, Klein DF, 
Lipscomb MF, Kavuru MS, Samoszuk MK, Hazen SL 
J Immunol. 2001 May 1;166(9):5763-72 

10c. Helicobacter pylori urease suppresses bactericidal 
activity of peroxynitrite via carbon dioxide production. 
Kuwahara H, Miyamoto Y, Akaike T, Kubota T, Sawa T, 
Okamoto S, Maeda H 
Infect Immun. 2000 Aug;68(8):4378-83 

10d. Kinetics of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide 
production and formation of peroxynitrite during 
the respiratory burst of human neutrophils. 
Carreras MC, Pargament GA, Catz SD, Poderoso JJ, 
Boveris A 
FEBS Lett. 1994 Mar 14;341(1):65-8 

10e. Biological aspects of reactive nitrogen species. 
Patel RP, McAndrew J, Sellak H, White CR, Jo H, 
Freeman BA, Darley-Usmar VM 
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1999 May 5;1411(2-3):385-400 

10f. Peroxynitrite production by human neutrophils, 
monocytes and lymphocytes challenged with lipopolysaccharide. 
Gagnon C, Leblond FA, Filep JG 
FEBS Lett. 1998 Jul 10;431(1):107-10 

10g. Superoxide and peroxynitrite generation 
from inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages. 
Xia Y, Zweier JL 
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Jun 24;94(13):6954-8 

10h. Peroxynitrite formation from activated human leukocytes. 
Fukuyama N, Ichimori K, Su Z, Ishida H, Nakazawa H 
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jul 16;224(2):414-9 

11a. Chlorination of Taurine by Human Neutrophils - 
Evidence for Hypochlorous Acid Generation. 
Weiss SJ, Klein R, Slivka A, Wei M 
J Clin Invest, Sep 1982, 70:598-607 

11b. Role of myeloperoxidase in the respiratory burst 
of human neutrophils. 
Nauseef WM, Metcalf JA, Root RK 
Blood. 1983 Mar;61(3):483-92 

11c. Role of myeloperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial 
systems in intact leukocytes. 
Klebanoff SJ, Hamon CB 
J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1972 Aug;12(2):170-96 

12a. Human mononuclear phagocyte antiprotozoal mechanisms: 
oxygen-dependent vs oxygen-independent activity 
against intracellular Toxoplasma gondii. 
Murray HW, Rubin BY, Carriero SM, Harris AM, Jaffee EA 
J Immunol. 1985 Mar;134(3):1982-8 

12b. Phagocytosis and killing of the protozoan Leishmania 
donovani by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. 
Pearson RD, Steigbigel RT 
J Immunol. 1981 Oct;127(4):1438-43 

12c. The role of the phagocyte in host-parasite interactions. 
The direct quantitative estimation of H2O2 in phagocytizing cells. 
Paul B, Sbarra AJ 
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Feb 1;156(1):168-78 

13a. Oxidation-Reduction Potentials In Bacteriology And 
Biochemistry. 
L F Hewitt, 6th Ed, E. & S. Livingston Ltd., 1950 

13b. Role of Oxidants in Microbial Pathophysiology. 
R A Miller, B E Britigan 
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 10(1):1-18, Jan 1997 

13c. Antiseptics and Disinfectants: Activity, Action and Resistance. 
by G McDonnell & A D Russell 
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, pp 147-179, Jan 1999 

13d. Treatment with oxidizing agents damages the inner 
membrane of spores of Bacillus subtilis and sensitizes 
spores to subsequent stress.
Cortezzo DE, Koziol-Dube K, Setlow B, Setlow P 
J Appl Microbiol. 2004;97(4):838-52 

14a. Mechanisms of killing of Bacillus subtilis spores 
by hypochlorite and chlorine dioxide.
Young SB, Setlow P.
J Appl Microbiol. 2003;95(1):54-67

14b. Inactivation of bacteria by Purogene.
Harakeh S, Illescas A, Matin A.
J Appl Bacteriol. 1988 May;64(5):459-63

14c. The inhibitory effect of Alcide, an antimicrobial drug, 
on protein synthesis in Escherichia coli.
Scatina J, Abdel-Rahman MS, Goldman E.
J Appl Toxicol. 1985 Dec;5(6):388-94 

14d. Bactericidal properties of chlorine dioxide. 
Ridenour GM, Ingols RS 
J Am Water Works Assn, 1947 39:561-567 

14e. Bactericidal effects of chlorine dioxide. 
Ridenour GM, Armbruster EH 
J Am Water Works Assn, 1949 41:537-550 

14f. Sporicidal properties of chlorine dioxide. 
Ridenour GM, Ingols RS, Armbruster EH 
Water & Sewage Works, 1949 96(8):1 

14g. Efficacy of chlorine dioxide as a bacteriocide. 
Bernarde MA, Isreal BM, Olivieri VP, Granstrom ML 
Appl Microbiol, 1965, 13(5):776-780 

14h. Kinetics and mechanism of bacterial disinfection 
by chlorine dioxide. 
Bernarde MA, Snow WB, Olivieri VP, Davidson B 
Appl Microbiol, 1967, 15(2):257-265 

14i. Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants 
EPA Guidance Manual, April 1999, 
4.4 Pathogen Inactivation and Disinfection Efficacy, 
pp 4-15 to 4-22 

14j. Evaluation of ultrasonic scaling unit waterline 
contamination after use of chlorine dioxide mouthrinse 
lavage. 
Wirthlin MR, Marshall GW JR 
J Periodontol. 2001 Mar;72(3):401-10 

15a. Degradation of the Poliovirus 1 genome 
by chlorine dioxide. 
Simonet J, Gantzer C 
J Appl Microbiol. 2006 Apr;100(4):862-70 

15b. Inactivation of enteric adenovirus and feline 
calicivirus by chlorine dioxide. 
Thurston-Enriquez JA, Haas CN, Jacangelo J, Gerba CP 
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005 Jun;71(6):3100-5 

15c. Mechanisms of inactivation of hepatitis A virus 
in water by chlorine dioxide. 
Li JW, Xin ZT, Wang XW, Zheng JL, Chao FH 
Water Res. 2004 Mar;38(6):1514-9 

15d. Virucidal efficacy of four new disinfectants. 
Eleraky NZ, Potgieter LN, Kennedy MA 
J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2002 May-Jun;38(3):231-4 

15e. Chlorine dioxide sterilization of red blood cells 
for transfusion, additional studies. 
Rubinstein A, Chanh T, Rubinstein DB. 
Int Conf AIDS. 1994 Aug 7-12; 10: 235 (abstract no. PB0953). 
U.S.C. School of Medicine, Los Angeles 

15f. Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus by a 
medical waste disposal process using chlorine dioxide. 
Farr RW, Walton C 
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 1993 Sep;14(9):527-9 

15g. Inactivation of human and simian rotaviruses 
by chlorine dioxide. 
Chen YS, Vaughn JM 
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 May;56(5):1363-6 

15h. Disinfecting capabilities of oxychlorine compounds. 
Noss CI, Olivieri VP 
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Nov;50(5):1162-4 

15i. Mechanisms of inactivation of poliovirus 
by chlorine dioxide and iodine. 
Alvarez ME, O'Brien RT 
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1982 Nov;44(5):1064-71 

15j. A comparison of the virucidal properties of chlorine, 
chlorine dioxide, bromine chloride and iodine. 
Taylor GR, Butler M 
J Hyg (Lond). 1982 Oct;89(2):321-8 

15k. Inactivation of Poliomyelitis Virus by "Free" Chlorine. 
Ridennour GM, Ingols RS 
Am J Pub Health, 1946, 36(6):639 

15L. Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants 
EPA Guidance Manual, April 1999, 
4.4 Pathogen Inactivation and Disinfection Efficacy, 
pp 4-15 to 4-22 

16a. Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants 
EPA Guidance Manual, April 1999, 
4.4 Pathogen Inactivation and Disinfection Efficacy, 
pp 4-15 to 4-22 

16b. Cysticidal effect of chlorine dioxide on Giardia 
intestinalis cysts.
Winiecka-Krusnell J, Linder E 
Acta Trop. 1998 Jul 30;70(3):369-72 

16c. Effects of ozone, chlorine dioxide, chlorine, and 
monochloramine on Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst viability.
Korich DG, Mead JR, Madore MS, Sinclair NA, Sterling CR 
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 May;56(5):1423-8 

16d. The effect of 'Alcide' on 4 strains of rodent 
coccidial oocysts. 
Owen DG 
Lab Anim. 1983 Oct;17(4):267-9 

16e. Water Treatment and Pathogen Control - 
Process Efficiency in Achieving Safe Drinking Water. 
LeChevallier MW, Au KK 
Section 3.3.3 Chlorine dioxide pp 52-54 
World Health Organization, IWA Publishing, 2004 

16f. Sequential inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum 
oocysts with chlorine dioxide followed by free chlorine 
or monochloramine. 
Corona-Vasquez B, Rennecker JL, Driedger AM, Mariñas BJ 
Water Res. 2002 Jan;36(1):178-88

17a. Disinfectant efficacy of chlorite and 
chlorine dioxide in drinking water biofilms.
Gagnon GA, Rand JL, O'leary KC, Rygel AC, Chauret C, Andrews RC 
Water Research, 39(9):1809-17, May 2005 

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18a. Cadaverine as a putative component of oral malodor. 
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18c. Use of 0.1% chlorine dioxide to inhibit the formation 
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18d. Use of chlorine dioxide mouthrinse 
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18e. Use of a novel group of oral malodor measurements 
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18f. The clinical and microbiological effects of a novel 
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18g. Efficacy of a chlorine dioxide-containing 
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18i. Use of a metastabilized chlorous acid/chlorine dioxide 
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19a. Use of chlorine dioxide for cannery sanitation and 
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20a. Effects of Carcass Washing Systems on Campylobacter 
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20e. The Evaluation of Antimicrobial Treatments for 
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20f. Determination of chlorate and chlorite and mutagenicity 
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20g. Acidified sodium chlorite solutions. 
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22a. Efficacy of Two Barrier Teat Dips Containing Chlorous 
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22b. Evaluation of a Chlorous Experimental and Natural Acid 
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22c. Preventing Bovine Mastitis by a Postmilking Teat 
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23a. Endoscope disinfection using chlorine dioxide 
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24b. Using a chlorine dioxide antibacterial gel 
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24c. Subchronic dermal toxicity studies 
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24d. Pharmacodynamics of alcide, a new antimicrobial 
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25a. Double-drug development against antioxidant enzymes 
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25b. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses: 
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25c. Vampires, Pasteur and reactive oxygen species. 
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25d. The role of cell-mediated immune responses 
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25e. Thalassaemia trait, red blood cell age and oxidant 
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Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1997 Sep-Oct;91(5):585-9 

25f. Antiplasmodial activity of nitroaromatic and 
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25g. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates and 
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25h. Amine peroxides as potential antimalarials. 
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25i. Thalassaemia trait, red blood cell age and oxidant 
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25j. Protection against murine cerebral malaria 
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25k. Antioxidant defense mechanisms in parasitic protozoa. 
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25L. Killing of Plasmodium yoelii by enzyme-induced 
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25m. Toxicity of certain products of lipid peroxidation 
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25n. Oxidative stress and malaria-infected erythrocytes. 
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25o. Killing of blood-stage murine malaria parasites 
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25p. Evidence for reactive oxygen intermediates 
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26a. Mechanism-based design of parasite-targeted 
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26b. Proposed reductive metabolism of artemisinin 
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26c. Effect of dihydroartemisinin on the antioxidant 
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26d. Evidence that haem iron in the malaria parasite is 
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26e. Why artemisinin and certain synthetic peroxides are 
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26f. Redox reaction of artemisinin with ferrous 
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26g. Artemisinin and the antimalarial endoperoxides: 
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26h. The mode of action of antimalarial endoperoxides. 
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26i. Iron-dependent free radical generation from the 
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993 May;37(5):1108-14 

26j. Effect of beta-arteether treatment on erythrocytic 
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Srivastava S, Alhomida AS, Siddiqi NJ, Pandey VC, Puri SK 
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2001 May;24(2):181-90 

26k. In vitro assessment of methylene blue on chloroquine-
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Akoachere M, Buchholz K, Fischer E, Burhenne J, 
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26L. Studies on hepatic oxidative stress and antioxidant 
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26m. Effect of sodium artesunate on malaria infected human 
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26n. [Peroxidative antimalaria mechanism of sodium artesunate]
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27a. Radical-mediated damage to parasites and erythrocytes 
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28a. Potentiation of an antimalarial oxidant drug. 
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29a. The multiple roles of the mitochondrion 
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29b. Antimalarial quinones: redox potential dependence of 
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J Lab Clin Med. 1994 Jan;123(1):126-30 

29c. Antimalarial efficacy of methylene blue and 
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29d. Antiplasmodial activity of nitroaromatic and 
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Grellier P, Sarlauskas J, Anusevicius Z, Maroziene A, 
Houee-Levin C, Schrevel J, Cenas N 
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Sep 15;393(2):199-206 

29e. Antiplasmodial activity of naphthoquinones related 
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29f. Newbouldiaquinone A: A naphthoquinone-anthraquinone 
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29g. Anthranoid compounds with antiprotozoal activity 
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Mbwambo ZH, Apers S, Moshi MJ, Kapingu MC, Van Miert S, 
Claeys M, Brun R, Cos P, Pieters L, Vlietinck A 
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29h. Antimalarial activity of phenazines from lapachol, 
beta-lapachone and its derivatives against Plasmodium 
falciparum in vitro and Plasmodium berghei in vivo. 
de Andrade-Neto VF, Goulart MO, da Silva Filho JF, 
da Silva MJ, Pinto Mdo C, Pinto AV, Zalis MG, 
Carvalho LH, Krettli AU 
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29i. In vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activities 
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del Rayo Camacho M, Phillipson JD, Croft SL, Yardley V, 
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29j. Aminonaphthoquinones--a novel class of compounds 
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29k. In vitro response of Plasmodium falciparum to 
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Gay F, Bustos D, Traore B, Jardinel C, Southammavong M, 
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29L. In vitro activity of natural and synthetic 
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Carvalho LH, Rocha EM, Raslan DS, Oliveira AB, Krettli AU 
Braz J Med Biol Res. 1988;21(3):485-7 

29m. Antiplasmodial and antioxidant isofuranonaphthoquinones 
from the roots of Bulbine capitata. 
Bezabih M, Abegaz BM, Dufall K, Croft K, Skinner-Adams T, 
Davis TM 
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30a. Methylene blue as an antimalarial agent. 
Schirmer RH, Coulibaly B, Stich A, Scheiwein M, 
Merkle H, Eubel J, Becker K, Becher H, Müller O, 
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30b. Recombinant Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase 
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Färber PM, Arscott LD, Williams CH Jr, Becker K, 
Schirmer RH 
FEBS Lett. 1998 Feb 6;422(3):311-4 

30c. Antimalarial efficacy of methylene blue and 
menadione and their effect on glutathione metabolism 
of Plasmodium yoelii-infected albino mice. 
Arora K, Srivastava AK 
Parasitol Res. 2005 Dec;97(6):521-6 

30d. Methylene blue for malaria in Africa: results from 
a dose-finding study in combination with chloroquine 
Meissner PE, Mandi G, Coulibaly B, Witte S, Tapsoba T, 
Mansmann U, Rengelshausen J, Schiek W, Jahn A, 
Walter-Sack I, Mikus G, Burhenne J, Riedel KD, 
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30e. In vitro assessment of methylene blue on chloroquine-
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Akoachere M, Buchholz K, Fischer E, Burhenne J, 
Haefeli WE, Schirmer RH, Becker K 
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2005 Nov;49(11):4592-7 

30f. Mode of antimalarial effect of methylene blue and 
some of its analogues on Plasmodium falciparum in culture 
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Atamna H, Krugliak M, Shalmiev G, Deharo E, 
Pescarmona G, Ginsburg H 
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30g. Antimalarial dyes revisited: xanthenes, azines, 
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Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1995 Dec;39(12):2671-7 

30h. The influence of methylene blue on the pentose 
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Barnes MG, Polet H 
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30i. The phenothiazinium chromophore and the evolution 
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31a. Thiol-based redox metabolism of protozoan parasites. 
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31b. Glutathione, altruistic metabolite in fungi. 
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32a. A comparison of the effects of ocular preservatives 
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32b. The effect of Alcide, a new antimicrobial drug, 
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Abdel-Rahman MS, Scatina J 
J Appl Toxicol. 1985 Jun;5(3):178-81 

32c. Chlorite-hemoprotein interaction as key role for the 
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32d. Kinetics and mechanisms of chlorine dioxide and 
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32e. The interaction of sodium chlorite with 
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32f. Pharmacodynamics of alcide, a new antimicrobial 
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Scatina J, Abdel-Rahman MS, Gerges SE, Khan MY, Gona O 
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32g. Effect of chlorine dioxide and metabolites 
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32h. Kinetics of Cl02 and effects of Cl02, Cl02-, 
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Abdel-Rahman MS, Couri D, Bull RJ 
J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Dec;3(1-2):431-49 

32i. Oxidative damage to the erythrocyte induced 
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Heffernan WP, Guion C, Bull RJ 
J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Jul-Aug;2(6):1501-10 
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32j. Oxidative damage to the erythrocyte induced 
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Heffernan WP, Guion C, Bull RJ 
J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1979 Jul-Aug;2(6):1487-99 
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32k. The effect of Alcide, a new antimicrobial drug, on rat 
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Abdel-Rahman MS, Scatina J 
J Appl Toxicol. 1985 Jun;5(3):178-81 

32L. Toxicity of chlorine dioxide in drinking water. 
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J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1985 Sep-Oct;6(1):105-13 

33a. Oxyhalogen-Sulfur Chemistry: 
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33b. Oxyhalogen-Sulfur Chemistry: 
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33c. Oxyhalogen - Sulfur Chemistry: 
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34a. Thioredoxin networks in the malarial parasite 
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34b. Thioredoxin and glutathione system of malaria 
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34c. Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxins and glutaredoxins 
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34d. The thiol-based redox networks of pathogens: 
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34e. Redox and antioxidant systems of the malaria parasite 
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35a. The plasmodial apicoplast was retained under evolutionary 
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35b. Scavenging of the cofactor lipoate is essential for the 
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35c. Plasmodium falciparum possesses organelle-specific alpha-
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35d. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum has 
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35e. The human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum 
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35g. Apicomplexan parasites contain a single lipoic acid 
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35h. Biosynthetic pathways of plastid-derived organelles 
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36d. Recombinant expression and biochemical characterization 
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37a. Characterization of the glyoxalases of the malarial parasite 
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37c. The thioredoxin system of the malaria parasite 
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37d. Thioredoxin and glutathione system of malaria 
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37e. Thioredoxin reductase and glutathione synthesis 
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37f. Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells depend 
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37g. Characterization of the glyoxalases of the malarial 
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37i. Ceramide mediates growth inhibition of the Plasmodium 
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38a. Glutathione reductase-deficient erythrocytes 
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38b. Glutathione reductase of the malarial parasite 
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38c. Kinetic characterization of glutathione reductase 
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38d. Glutathione reductase inhibitors as potential 
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38e. Glutathione reductase inhibitors as potential 
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39a. Glutathione S-transferase of the malarial parasite 
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39e. Plasmodium falciparum glutathione S-transferase--
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39f. Cooperativity and pseudo-cooperativity in the 
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39g. X-ray structure of glutathione S-transferase 
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40a. Roles of 1-Cys peroxiredoxin in haem detoxification 
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40b. Structural and biochemical characterization 
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40c. 2-Cys Peroxiredoxin TPx-1 is involved 
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40e. Expression of mRNAs and proteins for peroxiredoxins 
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40g. 2-Cys peroxiredoxin PfTrx-Px1 is involved 
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40h. Expression profiles of peroxiredoxin proteins 
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40i. Disruption of the Plasmodium falciparum 2-Cys 
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40j. Molecular characterization of a 2-Cys peroxiredoxin 
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40k. Isolation and functional analysis of two thioredoxin 
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40L. Thioredoxin peroxidases of the malarial parasite 
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41a. The thioredoxin system of the malaria parasite 
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41d. Thioredoxin reductase and glutathione synthesis 
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41f. The thioredoxin system of Plasmodium falciparum 
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41g. Thioredoxin, thioredoxin reductase, and thioredoxin 
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42a. Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxins and glutaredoxins 
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42b. Plasmodium falciparum possesses a classical 
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43a. Plasmoredoxin, a novel redox-active protein 
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44a. Double-drug development against antioxidant enzymes 
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44b. Thioredoxin reductase and glutathione synthesis 
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44c. Specific inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum 
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44e. Thioredoxin reductase is essential for the survival 
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44f. Thioredoxin reductase as a pathophysiological 
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44g. Redox and antioxidant systems of the malaria parasite 
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45a. Gene disruption confirms a critical role for the 
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46a. Comparative properties of a three-dimensional model 
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89a. Characterization of an omega-class glutathione-
S-transferase from Schistosoma mansoni with 
glutaredoxin-like dehydroascorbate reductase and 
thiol transferase activities.
Girardini J, Amirante A, Zemzoumi K, Serra E 
Eur J Biochem. 2002 Nov;269(22):5512-21 

89b. Thiol-based redox metabolism of protozoan parasites. 
Muller S, Liebau E, Walter RD, Krauth-Siegel RL 
Trends Parasitol. 2003 Jul;19(7):320-8 
Comment in: Trends Parasitol. 2004 Feb;20(2):58-9 

89c. The parasite-specific trypanothione metabolism 
of trypanosoma and leishmania. 
Krauth-Siegel RL, Meiering SK, Schmidt H 
Biol Chem. 2003 Apr;384(4):539-49 

89d. The synthesis of parasitic cysteine protease 
and trypanothione reductase inhibitors. 
Chibale K, Musonda CC 
Curr Med Chem. 2003 Sep;10(18):1863-89 

89e. Glutathione inhibits the antischistosomal activity 
of artemether. 
Zhai ZL, Jiao PY, Mei JY, Xiao SH 
Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi. 
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89f. Schistosoma mansoni: expression and role of cysteine 
proteinases in developing schistosomula. 
Zerda KS, Dresden MH, Chappell CL 
Exp Parasitol. 1988 Dec;67(2):238-46 

89g. Mr 26,000 antigen of Schistosoma japonicum recognized 
by resistant WEHI 129/J mice is a parasite glutathione 
S-transferase. 
Smith DB, Davern KM, Board PG, Tiu WU, Garcia EG, Mitchell GF 
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(22):8703-7 
Erratum in: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1987 Sep;84(18):6541 

89h. Oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses: 
a target for the treatment of diseases caused 
by parasitic protozoa. 
Turrens JF 
Mol Aspects Med. 2004 Feb-Apr;25(1-2):211-20 

89i. Antioxidant defense mechanisms in parasitic protozoa. 
Mehlotra RK 
Crit Rev Microbiol. 1996;22(4):295-314 

89j. Phenotypic analysis of trypanothione synthetase 
knockdown in the African trypanosome. 
Ariyanayagam MR, Oza SL, Guther ML, Fairlamb AH 
Biochem J. 2005 Oct 15;391(Pt 2):425-32 

89k. Gene knockdown of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase 
by RNAi in the parasitic protozoa Trypanosoma brucei 
demonstrates that it is an essential enzyme. 
Huynh TT, Huynh VT, Harmon MA, Phillips MA 
J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 10;278(41):39794-800 

89L. Polyamine and thiol metabolism in Trypanosoma 
granulosum: similarities with Trypanosoma cruzi. 
Mastri C, Thorborn DE, Davies AJ, Ariyanayagam MR, 
Hunter KJ 
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Apr 20;282(5):1177-82 

89m. Inducible resistance to oxidant stress 
in the protozoan Leishmania chagasi. 
Miller MA, McGowan SE, Gantt KR, Champion M, 
Novick SL, Andersen KA, Bacchi CJ, Yarlett N, 
Britigan BE, Wilson ME 
J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 27;275(43):33883-9 

89n. Pharmacological approaches to antitrypanosomal 
chemotherapy. 
Croft SL 
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 1999 Mar-Apr;94(2):215-20 

89o. Fate of soluble methionine in African trypanosomes: 
effects of metabolic inhibitors. 
Bacchi CJ, Goldberg B, Garofalo-Hannan J, Rattendi D, 
Lyte P, Yarlett N 
Biochem J. 1995 Aug 1;309 ( Pt 3):737-43 

89p. In vivo effects of difluoromethylornithine 
on trypanothione and polyamine levels 
in bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei. 
Fairlamb AH, Henderson GB, Bacchi CJ, Cerami A 
Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1987 Jun;24(2):185-91 

90a. A Possible Solution to the Malaria Problem?
Humble J 
Libertarian Times, May 9, 2005 

90b. The Miracle Mineral Supplement of the 21st Century. 
Humble JV 
www.miraclemineral.org, 2nd Edition (2007) 

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